A small needle is used to take a sample of the fluid from your prepatellar bursa, which is directly underneath the skin in front of your kneecap. The skin on the front of your knee is sterilised with some fluid and the procedure is carried out in a clean environment. If your doctor suspects that housemaid's knee is caused by infection, they may suggest that they draw some fluid from the bursa. They may also ask whether you have any history of other joint problems. They may ask you questions about your occupation or if you have had any recent knee injury. Your doctor is usually able to diagnose housemaid's knee simply by examining your knee. If housemaid's knee is caused by infection, you may have a high temperature (fever). You may also have difficulty bending your knee and difficulty kneeling and walking. You may notice redness of the skin over the knee and your kneecap may be tender. Housemaid's knee causes pain and swelling of the affected knee. Prepatellar bursitis is also more common in tradesmen who spend long periods of time kneeling - for example, carpet fitters, concrete finishers and roofers. Such people include those receiving steroid treatment or those on chemotherapy treatment for cancer. Infection is also a common cause of housemaid's knee in people whose immune systems are not working normally. Housemaid's knee in children is more likely to be caused by infection. It is generally more common in males than in females. In gout, it builds up and collects within a joint, causing pain, inflammation and joint swelling.Īny age group can be affected by housemaid's knee. Uric acid is a chemical in the blood that is usually harmless and passed out with the urine. Gout is caused by a build-up of uric acid crystals. If you have gout or pseudogout you have an increased risk of developing a bursitis. Rheumatoid arthritis is a form of arthritis that causes inflammation, pain and swelling of joints. If you already have an inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, you have an increased risk of developing a bursitis. ![]() This injury allows germs (bacteria) to spread infection into the bursa. This usually follows a cut, scratch or injury to the skin on the surface of the knee. This is particularly common in children with housemaid's knee. The fluid in the prepatellar bursa sac can become infected and cause inflammation within a bursa (bursitis). Historically, this was typical of housemaids who spent long periods of time on their knees scrubbing floors hence, the term housemaid's knee. This usually happens after spending long periods of time kneeling down, putting pressure on the kneecap (patella). This might be, for example, a fall or direct blow on to the knee. There are a number of different things that can cause housemaid's knee: A sudden, one-off injury to the knee What causes housemaid's knee (prepatellar bursitis)?
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